The Welsummer is a striking dual-purpose heritage breed developed in the village of Welsum in the Netherlands during the early 20th century. Bred from a mix of breeds including Barnevelder, Partridge Leghorn, Rhode Island Red, and others, the Welsummer was designed to be both productive and attractive. It remains a popular choice for small-scale farmers and backyard keepers, who are looking for a well-balanced bird.

Egg Production

Welsummer hens are known for producing between 160-220 eggs per year, depending on care and conditions. Their eggs are large and very distinctive, often a deep, rich terracotta brown and sometimes speckled. These are some of the darkest eggs laid by any non-hybrid breed, making them a favourite among those seeking variety in their egg basket. Hens typically begin laying around 5-6 months of age.

Appearance

Welsummer hens display an attractive partridge-type plumage with rich chestnut and brown tones edged in black. Roosters are especially eye-catching, with glossy black tail feathers, reddish-brown saddle and hackle feathers, and bold contrasts across the body. Both sexes have yellow legs, upright single combs, and red wattles and earlobes. Their bodies are medium-sized, upright, and well-proportioned, reflecting both utility and ornamental value.

Temperament and Behaviour

Welsummers are calm, alert, and generally friendly birds. They are confident foragers and do very well in free-range systems, using their natural curiosity to explore and feed themselves. While not as cuddly as some heavier breeds, they are not aggressive and tend to get along well in mixed flocks. Roosters are known for being protective without being overly aggressive, making them manageable for most keepers.

Suitability and Care

Welsummers are hardy birds that adapt well to a variety of climates, including colder areas. They thrive in free-range environments where they can forage, but they also tolerate confinement if given adequate space and mental stimulation. Their resilience, moderate feed needs, and egg quality make them a practical choice for homesteads and small farms alike.

Summary

The Welsummer is a productive and attractive heritage breed offering:

• 160-220 large, dark brown eggs per year

• Hardy and adaptable nature suitable for varied environments

• Excellent foraging ability

• Calm and manageable temperament

Whether kept for egg colour, personality, or ease of care, Welsummers are a rewarding addition to any flock.